Yeast Infection vs BV (Bacterial Vaginosis): How to Tell the Difference
Yeast infection and bacterial vaginosis (BV) are two of the most common causes of vaginal discomfort.
But even though they can feel similar, they’re completely different conditions — and require different treatments.
Misdiagnosis is extremely common. Many people self-treat for yeast when they actually have BV, which is why symptoms may keep returning.
This guide explains the differences in symptoms, discharge, causes, and recommended treatments so you can better understand what’s going on — and when to seek medical advice.
Yeast Infection vs BV: Quick Comparison Table
| Feature | Yeast Infection | Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) |
|---|---|---|
| Main Cause | Yeast (Candida overgrowth) | Imbalance of vaginal bacteria |
| Discharge | Thick, white, “cottage cheese-like” | Thin, watery, grey/white |
| Smell | No strong smell | Fishy or unpleasant odour |
| Itching | Severe itching is common | Usually mild or none |
| pH Level | Normal (below 4.5) | Higher (above 4.5) |
| Main Treatment | Antifungal creams/pessaries | Antibiotics (tablet or gel) |
| Sexual Activity | Not usually triggered by sex | Often worsens after sex |
What Is a Yeast Infection?
A yeast infection happens when a fungus called Candida overgrows.
It is not considered a sexually transmitted infection and is very common in people with vaginas.
Common symptoms include:
- Intense itching
- Thick, white discharge (like cottage cheese)
- Redness and swelling of the vulva
- Soreness or burning during urination
- Pain during sex
Yeast infections are often triggered by:
- Antibiotics
- Hormonal changes
- High blood sugar
- Tight clothing
- Perfumed products
For full treatments, check our guide:
Complete Yeast Infection Treatment Guide
What Is BV (Bacterial Vaginosis)?
BV happens when the natural vaginal bacteria become unbalanced, allowing certain bacteria to overgrow.
It is the most common vaginal condition in women of reproductive age.
Common BV symptoms include:
- Strong fishy smell (especially after sex)
- Thin, watery discharge (white or grey)
- Mild vaginal itching or none at all
- Burning during urination in some cases
BV is often triggered by:
- New or multiple sexual partners
- Natural pH changes
- Douching or perfumed products
- Semen (temporarily raises pH)
Important: BV requires antibiotics, not antifungals.
How to Tell the Difference Quickly
1. Discharge Type
Yeast: Thick, white, clumpy
BV: Thin, watery, grey/white
2. Smell
Yeast: No strong odour
BV: Strong fishy smell (major clue)
3. Itching
Yeast: Severe itching
BV: Usually mild or none
4. pH Level
Yeast: Normal (<4.5)
BV: High (>4.5)
⭐ Vaginal pH Test Strips (External Use)
Helps distinguish yeast from BV
- BV typically shows a higher pH
- For external sampling only
- Easy home indication tool
Why Misdiagnosis Happens
Because itching and discharge are common in both conditions, many people assume it’s yeast.
But BV is actually more common — and some people with BV have no symptoms at all except a change in discharge or smell.
Using antifungal treatments for BV won’t help and may lead to repeated problems.
Treatment Options: Yeast Infection vs BV
Yeast Infection Treatments
- Antifungal creams
- Vaginal pessaries/tablets
- Combination packs (cream + pessary)
⭐ Yeast Infection Combination Pack (Example)
Internal + external treatment for full relief
- Internal tablet/pessary
- External antifungal cream
- Usually relieves symptoms within a few days
BV Treatments
BV must be treated with antibiotics prescribed by a doctor.
Common options include:
- Metronidazole tablets
- Metronidazole vaginal gel
- Clindamycin vaginal cream
⭐ Women’s Daily Probiotic (Example)
Supports healthy bacterial balance after BV treatment
- Helps restore natural flora
- Useful after antibiotics
- May reduce recurrence
Can You Have BV and a Yeast Infection at the Same Time?
Yes — this is called a mixed infection, and it’s more common than most people think.
In these cases, both antifungals and antibiotics may be required.
If symptoms don’t match just one condition, a doctor may recommend a vaginal swab to confirm the cause.
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical advice if:
- You’re unsure whether it’s BV or yeast
- Symptoms keep returning
- You’re pregnant
- Treatments aren’t working
- You have pain, fever, or bleeding
FAQs: Yeast Infection vs BV
How do I know if it’s BV or yeast?
Look at smell, discharge, pH, and itching.
BV = fishy smell + thin discharge.
Yeast = severe itching + thick discharge.
Can I treat BV with yeast infection cream?
No — antifungals won’t treat BV. BV requires antibiotics.
Do probiotics help with BV?
Some people use probiotics to support balance after antibiotics. They are not a cure but may help long-term vaginal flora.
Is BV harmful?
BV isn’t usually harmful, but untreated BV may increase the risk of complications in pregnancy or after certain gynaecological procedures. Always seek medical guidance.
Can sex cause BV?
BV isn’t an STI, but sex can disrupt vaginal pH, making BV more likely.
Disclaimer: This article is general information only and does not replace medical advice.
Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for diagnosis and personalised treatment.
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